What should I do if my landlord refuses to fix an unsafe problem in my apartment?

Notify your landlord in writing and keep records. If not resolved, submit Form J: Application to Director to Nova Scotia’s Residential Tenancy Program. For urgent hazards, contact a municipal inspector.

Can I stop paying rent if repairs aren’t completed?

No, tenants must continue to pay rent in Nova Scotia even if major repairs are outstanding. Always use official complaint processes instead.

What counts as an ‘emergency repair’ in Nova Scotia?

Emergencies include issues that threaten health or safety, such as loss of heat, water, or severe leaks. These require immediate attention by the landlord.

Is my landlord responsible for pest infestations?

Yes, landlords are typically responsible for pest problems unless caused by tenant negligence. Tenants should report the issue promptly.

Can I end my lease early if the home is unfit to live in?

Yes, but you must get approval by submitting Form J and likely a Notice to Quit to the Residential Tenancy Program before moving out.

Safe and Habitable Rental Homes: Tenant Rights in Nova Scotia

Moving In / Out Nova Scotia published: June 13, 2025

Feeling safe and comfortable in your rented home isn’t just a wish—it’s your legal right as a tenant in Nova Scotia. Whether you’re moving in or addressing problems during your tenancy, Nova Scotia’s rental laws and agencies protect your right to a home that meets health and safety standards. This guide breaks down your rights, the responsibilities of landlords, and what to do if issues arise, all according to Nova Scotia’s current tenancy law.

What Makes a Rental Home Safe and Habitable?

Under Nova Scotia law, landlords must offer and maintain rental units that are structurally sound, free from hazards, and fit for occupation. "Habitability" means your home should:

Be free from major leaks, excessive mold, and pest infestations
Have functional plumbing, heating, and electrical systems
Meet fire safety standards (smoke alarms, safe exits, etc.)
Be cleaned and reasonably repaired before move-in

These protections are set out in Nova Scotia’s Residential Tenancies Act^[1].

Who Enforces These Standards?

The Residential Tenancy Program (Service Nova Scotia) is the official tribunal for rental disputes, maintenance complaints, and tenancy rights claims.

What Are Landlords Required to Do?

Keep the property in good repair, meeting health and safety laws at all times
Respond to urgent or emergency repairs promptly (such as plumbing leaks or no heat in winter)
Provide basic services such as heat, water, and electricity if included in your lease

If you encounter ongoing health or safety problems, check out Health and Safety Issues Every Tenant Should Know When Renting for common concerns and solutions.

What Are Tenants Responsible For?

While landlords must ensure the unit is safe and habitable, you’re responsible for:

Keeping your unit reasonably clean
Reporting problems promptly
Not deliberately causing damage

What To Do If Your Home is Unsafe

If your rental unit develops a serious problem (no heat, water damage, or unsafe conditions), act quickly but calmly. Here’s what to do:

Contact your landlord or property manager right away—document your request in writing
Allow reasonable time for the landlord to fix the issue (except in emergencies, which require urgent attention)
If the problem isn’t resolved, contact Nova Scotia’s Residential Tenancy Program to file a formal complaint

Official Forms: Protecting Your Rights

Form J: Application to Director
Use this to ask the Residential Tenancy Director for help, for example if your landlord refuses to repair unsafe conditions.
Official Form J PDF
Example: If the heating breaks down in winter and your landlord does not fix it after you’ve reported the issue, you can submit Form J to request an order for repairs.
Notice to Quit (Form C or D)
If your landlord fails to keep your unit habitable, you may apply to end your lease early for "cause."
Notice to Quit — Form C (for tenants)

Visit Residential Tenancy Program for detailed filing instructions and all official forms.

Move-In Tip: Document the Unit’s Condition

Before settling in, thoroughly inspect your new home and note any issues you see. This protects you from being held responsible for previous damage. For help, see Guide to the Initial Rental Property Inspection for Tenants.

If you need assistance finding good-quality rentals, Find rental homes across Canada on Houseme for up-to-date, safe properties in your area.

Related: Know Your Rights in Nova Scotia

For a complete overview of legal protections and tenant responsibilities, visit Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Nova Scotia.

FAQ: Safe and Habitable Homes in Nova Scotia

What should I do if my landlord refuses to fix an unsafe problem in my apartment?
First, notify your landlord in writing and keep a record. If it isn’t resolved quickly, file Form J: Application to Director with the Residential Tenancy Program. You can also call an inspector for urgent health or safety code violations.
Can I stop paying rent if repairs aren’t completed?
No, Nova Scotia law does not allow tenants to withhold rent because of repairs. Instead, follow the proper complaint procedure and keep paying rent to maintain your rights.
Is my landlord responsible for pest infestations?
In most cases, yes. Landlords are usually responsible for addressing pest problems unless tenant actions caused them. For more, read Dealing with Pests in Your Rental: Tenant Rights and Effective Solutions.
What counts as an ‘emergency repair’ in Nova Scotia?
Issues that threaten health, safety, or the basic functioning of your home—like no heat in winter or burst pipes—qualify as emergencies and should be addressed immediately.
Can I end my lease early if the home is unfit to live in?
Yes, but you must apply to the Residential Tenancy Program (using Form J and possibly a Notice to Quit) and receive approval before moving out without penalty.

Key Takeaways for Nova Scotia Tenants

Your right to a safe, healthy, and livable home is protected by provincial law
Report issues early and use official forms when your landlord doesn’t fix serious problems
Stay informed—document everything and don’t stop paying rent while pursuing remedies

Understanding your rights means you can address problems confidently and protect your home.

Need Help? Resources for Tenants

Residential Tenancy Program: Service Nova Scotia — General tenant inquiries, complaints, forms, and applications
211 Nova Scotia — Community supports, advocacy, and referrals
Nova Scotia Labour and Advanced Education: Health and Safety — Report urgent health/safety bylaw violations