Eviction Rules Every Tenant Should Know in Newfoundland and Labrador

If you rent a home or apartment in Newfoundland and Labrador, understanding how evictions work is crucial to protecting your rights. While most tenancies end smoothly, sometimes disagreements arise or landlords may start the eviction process. This guide offers plain-language advice for tenants facing an eviction, so you know what to expect and how to respond at every step.

Who Handles Evictions in Newfoundland and Labrador?

Evictions and other tenant-landlord issues in Newfoundland and Labrador are overseen by the Residential Tenancies Office (RTO).

Grounds for Eviction

Landlords in Newfoundland and Labrador must follow the rules set out in the Residential Tenancies Act, 2018^[1]. Legitimate reasons for eviction include:

• Non-payment of rent
• Frequently late rent payments
• Substantial damage to the property
• Interfering with the rights or safety of others
• Landlord or their family needing to move in
• Major renovations or demolition

Each reason requires its own process and notice period.

Eviction Notice Periods

A landlord must give tenants a written notice before ending a tenancy. The exact notice period depends on the reason:

• Non-payment of rent: At least 10 days' notice
• Landlord or family moving in: At least 8 weeks' notice
• Major renovations or demolition: At least 8 weeks' notice
• Other violations: At least 7 or 10 days, depending on severity

Notices must be given using the correct forms and cannot be just a verbal request or casual email.

Required Forms for Eviction

If your landlord wants to end your tenancy, they must use an official form. Some important forms include:

• Notice of Termination (Form RT - 17): This is the official form landlords use to notify tenants they plan to terminate a tenancy. For example, if you haven't paid rent, your landlord would give you this form with the reason and notice period clearly stated. Get the Notice of Termination (Form RT - 17).
• Application for Dispute (Form RT - 2): If you feel the eviction is unfair or incorrect, use this form to dispute the eviction with the Residential Tenancies Office. You must apply quickly (typically within a few days after receiving the eviction notice). Download the Application for Dispute (Form RT - 2).

Always keep copies of any forms you receive or submit.

What to Do If You Receive an Eviction Notice

If you are served an eviction notice:

• Read it carefully to make sure the reason and notice period are correct
• If you disagree with the notice, act quickly to dispute it using Form RT - 2
• Keep written records of all communications
• Contact the Residential Tenancies Office for clarification

What Happens During an Eviction Hearing?

If a dispute is submitted, the Residential Tenancies Office may schedule a hearing. As a tenant, you have the right to:

• Attend the hearing and present your side
• Bring evidence, such as payment records or photos
• Be represented by someone (such as an advocate or lawyer)

The hearing officer’s decision is binding. If an eviction is ordered, you must leave by the date set—unless you apply for a review or appeal (which must occur quickly).

Key Tenant Rights in Newfoundland and Labrador

Your core rights and responsibilities are outlined in the Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Newfoundland and Labrador guide. At all times:

• Landlords must use official forms and notice periods
• Evictions for paying late or for landlord's own use require longer notice
• “Self-help” evictions (like changing locks without an order) are illegal
• You have a right to a hearing if you disagree with the eviction

If you want to learn about your obligations and your landlord’s duties during tenancy, see Obligations of Landlords and Tenants: Rights and Responsibilities Explained.

Moving Out After Eviction

If your eviction is upheld or you decide not to dispute it:

• Remove all your belongings by the date provided
• Leave the unit clean and undamaged
• Request a final inspection and settle return of your security deposit

For best results, see Moving Out Tips: A Tenant's Guide to a Smooth Rental Exit.

For tenants searching for alternative accommodation, Find rental homes across Canada on Houseme.

1. What notice does my landlord have to give for eviction in Newfoundland and Labrador?
   It depends on the reason. For non-payment, at least 10 days. For landlord's own use or major renovations, at least 8 weeks. Always check the notice for the right period.
2. Can my landlord evict me without a written notice?
   No. Landlords must use the official Notice of Termination form outlining the reason and the correct notice period.
3. How do I dispute an eviction notice?
   You file an Application for Dispute (Form RT - 2) with the Residential Tenancies Office, ideally within a few days of getting the notice.
4. What if I pay my overdue rent after getting a notice?
   If you pay in full before the notice period ends, the eviction may be stopped. Confirm with the landlord and get receipts.
5. Can a landlord change the locks to force me out?
   No. Only the Residential Tenancies Office can order an eviction. A landlord cannot use "self-help" methods like changing locks.

1. How do I dispute an eviction in Newfoundland and Labrador?
   Submit Form RT - 2 (Application for Dispute) to the Residential Tenancies Office as soon as possible after receiving the eviction notice. Attend the hearing to present your side.
2. How can I check if my eviction notice is valid?
   Review the form and notice period. Contact the RTO if you’re unsure or compare with official requirements.
3. How do I apply for an eviction hearing?
   Complete and submit Form RT - 2, including your reasons and any supporting documents. The RTO will schedule a hearing.

Key Takeaways

• Evictions in Newfoundland and Labrador follow strict notice and form rules—never leave immediately without checking your rights.
• You can dispute an eviction by filing an Application for Dispute promptly with the Residential Tenancies Office.
• Learn more about your rights and obligations to prepare for any situation as a tenant.

Need Help? Resources for Tenants

• Residential Tenancies Office (RTO) – Newfoundland and Labrador: eviction forms, info, and dispute processes
• Application for Dispute (Form RT - 2) and Notice of Termination (Form RT - 17)
• Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Newfoundland and Labrador
• Call 1-877-829-2608 or visit your regional RTO office

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1. Residential Tenancies Act, 2018 (Newfoundland and Labrador)
2. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador – Residential Tenancies Office

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