Eviction FAQs for Quebec Renters: Key Rights & Steps

Facing eviction in Quebec can feel overwhelming and confusing, especially if you’re not familiar with your rights and the eviction process. This guide answers the most frequently asked eviction questions for Quebec tenants, outlining your legal protections and the steps you should take if you receive an eviction notice.

Who Handles Evictions in Quebec?

In Quebec, residential tenancy matters (including evictions) are overseen by the Tribunal administratif du logement (TAL), formerly known as the Régie du logement. The TAL is responsible for resolving disputes between tenants and landlords, issuing eviction orders, and managing applications related to rental housing.

What Are Legal Reasons for Eviction in Quebec?

Landlords in Quebec must have a valid legal reason, as specified in the Quebec Civil Code – Book Five: The Lease of a Dwelling^[1], to evict a tenant. The most common grounds include:

• Major repairs requiring vacant possession
• The landlord wishes to repossess the dwelling (for themselves or immediate family)
• Non-payment of rent
• Serious breach of lease terms (e.g., causing damage, disturbing neighbours)

Remember: Your landlord cannot evict you for arbitrary reasons or simply because they want to raise your rent.

What Notice Must a Landlord Give Before Eviction?

The notice required depends on the reason for eviction:

• Repossession of the dwelling: At least 6 months before the end of the lease (for leases of 12 months or more)
• Eviction for major repairs/demolition: At least 6 months before the end of the lease (for leases of 12 months or more)
• Non-payment of rent: Landlord can apply to TAL after rent is 3 weeks late and proper written notice is given

Notices must be delivered in writing.

What Forms Will I See or Need as a Tenant?

Here are key forms you might encounter during an eviction process in Quebec:

• Official eviction or repossession notice: Landlord must provide this in writing, outlining the reason and timeline for eviction or repossession.
• Notice of Application to the TAL (Landlord or Tenant): If a dispute arises, either party can file an application via the description and guidance in the Apply to the TAL form. As a tenant, use this if you wish to challenge an eviction or assert your rights. For example, if you believe an eviction is unjust or the notice is defective, file an application promptly.
• Standard Notice of Non-payment of Rent: If you are behind on rent, your landlord may issue a formal written notice before applying to the TAL.

Action Tip: Always keep a copy of any notice you receive and respond in writing. Documentation is key in resolving disputes.

Your Rights After an Eviction Notice

Receiving an eviction notice does not automatically mean you’ll be forced to leave. You have the right to:

• Contest the eviction by applying to the TAL within the legal timeframe
• Attend a hearing and present your case
• Remain in your home until the TAL issues its decision

Ensure you act quickly, as delays can affect your rights. For more on tenant and landlord duties, see Obligations of Landlords and Tenants: Rights and Responsibilities Explained.

What Should I Do If I Disagree With the Eviction?

If you believe your landlord's notice is not valid or the reasons for eviction are untrue, you may contest it. Take these steps:

• Review the notice carefully for errors or missing information
• Reply to your landlord in writing (even if you plan to contest)
• Submit an application to the TAL as soon as possible using their official application form
• Prepare documentation (correspondence, photos, payment records) for your hearing

Can I Be Evicted for Non-Payment of Rent?

If you’re late paying rent, your landlord can apply to the TAL for eviction after your rent is 3 weeks overdue and you’ve been given written notice. The TAL will hold a hearing to review the situation. Note that you can avoid eviction by paying your overdue rent (plus costs, if ordered) before the tribunal renders its decision.

If you need a new place quickly after eviction, Find rental homes across Canada on Houseme for affordable options and quick search tools in Montreal and beyond.

Where Can I Learn More About Tenant Rights in Quebec?

Each province has unique rules. See the detailed Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Quebec page for a full overview of local laws and additional resources.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the minimum notice period for eviction in Quebec?
   For repossession or major repairs on a lease over 12 months, at least 6 months’ written notice is required. For non-payment, action starts after rent is 3 weeks late, but an official TAL eviction order is still required.
2. Can my landlord evict me to simply raise the rent?
   No. Landlords cannot evict tenants just to increase rent or avoid rent control. Valid legal grounds are required.
3. How can I fight an eviction I think is unfair?
   Apply to the TAL promptly to contest the eviction, attend the hearing, and provide evidence such as correspondence, receipts, or witness statements.
4. Do I have to leave as soon as I get an eviction notice?
   No. You only need to leave if the TAL issues a formal eviction order after a hearing.
5. Are there protections for tenants facing eviction for major repairs?
   Yes. The TAL may order compensation or relocation help if you are evicted for necessary repairs or demolition.

How To Handle an Eviction Notice in Quebec

1. How do I formally contest an eviction notice?
   Carefully review the notice, and if you disagree, file an application with the TAL (using their online or paper forms) before the legal deadline. Keep all communications in writing.
2. How do I prepare for a TAL hearing?
   Collect documentation such as the notice, your lease, receipts, photos, and any relevant communication. Witnesses helpful to your case can also attend.
3. How can I delay an eviction for non-payment of rent?
   If possible, pay all overdue rent before the TAL renders its decision. If you need more time, explain your situation and provide evidence at the hearing.
4. How do I respond to a repossession notice?
   Write to your landlord within 30 days if you object, and submit the application to the TAL if necessary to protect your right to stay.

Key Takeaways

• Quebec landlords require a valid legal reason and must follow notice rules before evicting a tenant.
• Tenants can contest eviction notices through the TAL—act quickly to preserve your rights.
• If you receive an eviction notice, keep copies, respond in writing, and gather evidence for your case.

Need Help? Resources for Tenants

• Tribunal administratif du logement (TAL) – Quebec's official dispute resolution board
• Tenant Advocacy: RCLALQ – Quebec’s main tenant advocacy association (in French)
• Legal Information: Éducaloi – Quebec housing information and guides
• For more on rights, see Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Quebec

---

1. Quebec Civil Code – Book Five: The Lease of a Dwelling
2. Tribunal administratif du logement – Official Information for Tenants and Landlords
3. TAL Application Forms

Categories

Tenant Rights & Responsibilities Rent & Deposits Leases & Agreements Moving In / Out Maintenance & Repairs Evictions Roommates & Shared Housing Discrimination & Accessibility Utilities & Services Affordable Housing & Subsidies Dispute Resolution & LTB Safety & Security Privacy & Entry by Landlord Special Tenancy Situations Tenant Insurance & Liability Post-Eviction Resources Landlord Compliance & Penalties Legal Precedents & Case Summaries Mental Health & Tenancy