Responding to Illegal Surveillance Cameras in Ontario Rentals

As a tenant in Ontario, you have the right to enjoy your rental home without unapproved surveillance. The presence of illegal cameras in your rental raises serious privacy concerns and may violate the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006. This practical guide outlines what tenants should do when they suspect or discover surveillance cameras installed by landlords without lawful reason.

Understanding the Law: Tenant Privacy in Ontario

Ontario’s Residential Tenancies Act, 2006 guarantees tenants a reasonable right to privacy within their rented unit. Landlords do have the right to enter units for specific reasons and with proper notice, but installing surveillance cameras inside a tenant’s private rental space—such as bedrooms, bathrooms, or living areas—without consent is not permitted under the law.^[1]

Where Are Cameras Allowed?

• Inside your rental unit: Landlords are not allowed to install cameras inside your private living space.
• Common areas: Cameras are generally allowed in shared spaces (e.g., building lobbies or laundry rooms) if not directed at specific units and if their presence is disclosed.
• Outdoor areas: External cameras for security must respect tenant privacy and not point into private units.

For a broad overview of your responsibilities, see Obligations of Landlords and Tenants: Rights and Responsibilities Explained.

What to Do If You Find or Suspect Illegal Cameras

Discovering or suspecting illegal cameras can be distressing. Here’s what you should do:

• Document Everything: Take clear photos or videos of any suspicious devices.
• Record Communication: Keep written records of texts, emails, or notes about your suspicions or discoveries.
• Review Your Lease: Check if your rental agreement mentions cameras (it rarely does for interior private spaces).

Once you gather evidence, you can address the issue with your landlord in writing.

How to File a Formal Complaint

If your landlord refuses to remove illegal cameras or retaliates, you can file a complaint with the Landlord and Tenant Board of Ontario (LTB), which oversees residential tenancy matters.

• Form T2: Application about Tenant Rights — Use this if your landlord has violated your privacy or harassed you.
• Download T2 Form from the LTB

For more insights into common rental disputes, review Common Issues Tenants Face and How to Resolve Them.

Steps to Take if Your Privacy Is Violated

Follow these recommended actions for a clear and strong response:

• Politely request, in writing, that your landlord remove the illegal camera.
• Keep a copy of all correspondence.
• If unresolved, submit Form T2 to the LTB with evidence.
• Consider contacting your local police if you believe a criminal offence (e.g., voyeurism) has occurred.
• Contact a legal clinic for support.

Potential Remedies from the LTB

If the Board finds your landlord violated your rights, it can order the landlord to remove the cameras, pay you compensation, or stop harassing activities.

To further understand your rights and possible actions, read Tenant Rights in Ontario.

FAQs About Illegal Surveillance in Rentals

1. Can my landlord put cameras in my rental unit? No, landlords cannot place cameras inside your private rental space without your written consent. This invades your lawful privacy rights.
2. What can I do if I feel unsafe due to surveillance? Begin by documenting the situation and communicating with your landlord. If not resolved, file a complaint with the LTB using Form T2.
3. Are there exceptions for common areas? Landlords must notify tenants if cameras are installed in common areas; cameras must not point into private units.
4. Where can I find affordable rentals with privacy in mind? Find rental homes across Canada on Houseme for listings with clear privacy policies.

Summary: Know and Protect Your Privacy

• Your landlord cannot install cameras inside your rental unit without your consent.
• Document any suspected or confirmed privacy violation.
• Use Ontario’s LTB and Form T2 to assert your rights when necessary.

Being informed and prepared is the best way to safeguard your rights as a tenant.

Need Help? Resources for Tenants

• Landlord and Tenant Board of Ontario (LTB): Forms, guidance, and dispute resolution for tenants.
• Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing – Tenant Rights
• Find your local Community Legal Clinic for free tenant legal advice.

1. [1] See Section 22 & 23 of the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006.
2. Ontario Landlord and Tenant Board: https://tribunalsontario.ca/ltb/
3. LTB Form T2 - Application about Tenant Rights: https://tribunalsontario.ca/ltb/forms/#tenant-forms