Many tenants in Quebec notice mould and wonder who must act, how quickly, and what steps protect health and housing rights. This guide explains tenant and landlord responsibilities for mould remediation, when to seek medical or public-health advice, and how to document and escalate problems to the provincial tribunal. It uses plain language to help renters understand timelines, required notices and official forms, and practical next steps whether you rent an apartment, condo or basement unit in Quebec.
Who is responsible for mould?
Landlords must provide and maintain a habitable dwelling and fix conditions that cause or allow mould growth, such as leaks, poor ventilation, or faulty heating systems. Tenants also have duties to report issues promptly and avoid behaviours that cause damage. For more on mutual duties see Obligations of Landlords and Tenants: Rights and Responsibilities Explained. Relevant legal obligations appear in Quebec civil law and decisions by the provincial tribunal.[2]
- Investigate and repair water leaks or damaged roofing and plumbing that cause mould.
- Arrange professional cleaning or safe remediation when mould is extensive or poses health risks.
- Provide reasonable access for inspections and repairs after giving proper notice to the tenant.
- Act within a reasonable time and set clear timelines for repairs, prioritizing urgent conditions affecting health and safety.
- Keep records of complaints, inspection reports, invoices and remediation plans to show timely action.
What tenants should do first
Start by notifying your landlord in writing, describing the location, size and any health symptoms. Include dated photos and keep copies. If you need health guidance, provincial public health resources explain risks and when to see a clinician. See general safety guidance for renters at Health and Safety Issues Every Tenant Should Know When Renting and consult public health officials if symptoms appear.[3]
When remediation is urgent
Immediate remediation is required when mould is linked to significant leaks, structural damage, or health symptoms such as severe respiratory reactions. If the landlord does not act quickly, tenants can document continuing conditions, seek temporary relocation advice, and consider filing an application with the provincial tribunal to request repairs or compensation.[1]
FAQ
- Who pays for mould remediation?
- Generally the landlord must pay to fix defects in the building that caused mould. If tenant behaviour caused damage, costs may be charged to the tenant. Document the cause and keep receipts.
- How long should a landlord take to fix mould?
- There is no fixed single timeline; landlords must act within a reasonable time depending on severity. Urgent health risks require prompt action—minor issues should be scheduled and completed efficiently.
- What can I do if the landlord does nothing?
- Continue written requests, keep records and photos, and consider filing an application with the Tribunal administratif du logement to request an order for repairs or compensation. You may also seek public health advice.
How-To
- Document the mould: take dated photos, note locations and symptoms, and keep copies of all communications.
- Notify your landlord in writing with a clear description, photos attached, and a request for remediation within a reasonable timeframe.
- Allow reasonable access for inspection and repairs after agreeing on a time and receiving proper notice from the landlord.
- Set and confirm realistic deadlines for repairs; ask for a written remediation plan if the mould appears widespread or recurrent.
- If the landlord does not act, file an application with the Tribunal administratif du logement to request enforcement, repairs, or compensation.
- Seek medical or public-health advice if household members experience symptoms, and share medical notes if needed for a tribunal application.
Key Takeaways
- Landlords are generally responsible for fixing mould caused by building defects.
- Document everything: photos, dates, messages and receipts strengthen your case.
- When a landlord fails to act, the Tribunal administratif du logement can order repairs or compensation.
Help and Support / Resources
- Tribunal administratif du logement — how to file an application and practical forms
- Civil Code of Québec — landlord and tenant obligations
- INSPQ (Quebec public health institute) — information on mould and health
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