Living in rental housing in Ontario, tenants can face mould that affects health, belongings and habitability. This guide explains when tenant insurance may cover mould-related loss, what landlords are responsible for under the Residential Tenancies Act, and practical steps renters should take to document problems and request repairs. You will learn what evidence to collect, how to report issues formally, the types of insurance coverage to consider, and when to contact the Landlord and Tenant Board for help.[1] It also tells you when to ask your insurer for a review and how to avoid common pitfalls when claiming damage.
How mould and tenant insurance interact in Ontario
Mould in a rental unit can come from leaks, poor ventilation, or building defects. Tenant insurance policies vary: some cover damage to your personal property from mould caused by a covered peril (like a sudden burst pipe), while most policies exclude gradual damage from neglected maintenance. Always read your policy wording and ask your insurer about mould exclusions and limits.
Who is responsible for what
Under Ontario rules a landlord must keep the rental unit in a good state of repair and fit for habitation according to the Residential Tenancies Act.[2] That generally means fixing leaks, ensuring adequate ventilation and addressing structural problems that lead to mould. Tenants must report issues promptly and take reasonable steps to prevent mould growth (for example, by using ventilation fans when showering).
What tenants should do — step by step
- Inspect and photograph mouldy areas and any visible water damage.
- Keep dated records of conversations, emails and repair requests sent to your landlord.
- Submit a written repair request to your landlord and keep a copy.
- If there is a health risk, contact your local public health unit and seek medical advice.
Evidence that helps insurance and tribunal claims
Good evidence improves outcomes whether you work with your insurer or the Landlord and Tenant Board. Collect dated photos, a log of symptoms (if any), copies of written requests and receipts for any emergency repairs you paid for. If a contractor inspects the unit, keep their report.
- Photos showing extent and location of mould.
- Copies of written repair requests and responses from your landlord.
- Receipts for repairs you paid for, plus contractor notes.
Filing insurance claims and common exclusions
When filing a claim, explain how the mould damage occurred and provide evidence that it was caused by a covered event, like a sudden pipe failure. Insurers commonly exclude damage caused by gradual neglect, poor maintenance or long-term dampness. Ask for a written reasons letter if a claim is denied.
When to involve the Landlord and Tenant Board
If the landlord won’t repair or the issue continues after repairs, you may apply to the Landlord and Tenant Board for an order requiring repairs, rent abatement, or compensation. The Board provides information on how to apply and what evidence to submit.[1]
Common practical forms and steps:
- Start with a written repair request to your landlord and keep a copy.
- If the landlord does not act, prepare an application to the Landlord and Tenant Board using the appropriate application form found on the Board's website.
- Include photos, repair logs and any contractor reports when you file.
Insurance tips for tenants
Tenant insurance can cover personal property, additional living expenses, and liability. Ask about coverage limits for mould, whether your policy requires mitigation steps, and whether remediation costs are covered. If you suspect an excluded cause, consider paying for an independent inspection and submitting that report to your insurer.
For help finding rentals while protecting your interests, consider using Houseme - your rental solution in Canada when comparing listings and reading landlord reviews.
Related tenant resources
Learn more about habitability and health risks in rental housing in our Health and Safety Issues Every Tenant Should Know When Renting and review responsibilities in Obligations of Landlords and Tenants: Rights and Responsibilities Explained.
FAQ
- Can tenant insurance pay to remove mould?
- Sometimes: if mould results from a covered sudden event (for example a burst pipe) tenant insurance may cover removal and damaged belongings; gradual mould from poor maintenance is usually excluded.
- Who pays for repairs when mould is caused by building defects?
- Typically the landlord is responsible to repair building defects that cause mould; tenants should provide written notice and may apply to the Landlord and Tenant Board if repairs are not made.[1]
- What steps should I take before filing a claim or application?
- Document the mould with dated photos, send written repair requests, keep receipts for any emergency fixes, and get a contractor or public health note if there are health concerns.
How-To
- Within 24–72 hours, photograph mould and note dates and conditions.
- Send a written repair request to your landlord and keep a copy for your records.
- Contact your insurer to report any damaged personal property and ask about mould coverage.
- If the landlord does not act, apply to the Landlord and Tenant Board with your evidence and request for repair or compensation.
Help and Support / Resources
- Landlord and Tenant Board (Tribunals Ontario)
- Government of Ontario: Renting in Ontario guide
- Ontario: Mould and mildew health information
