Your LTB Hearing Day in Newfoundland and Labrador: Tenant Guide

Facing a residential tenancy hearing can feel overwhelming, especially if it’s your first experience before Newfoundland and Labrador’s Residential Tenancies Board (RTB). Understanding the process and knowing what to bring can help you prepare, reduce stress, and ensure your rights as a tenant are protected under the Residential Tenancies Act, 2018^[1].

Understanding the Tenancy Tribunal and Legislation

Disputes between tenants and landlords in Newfoundland and Labrador are managed by the Residential Tenancies Board (RTB). The RTB hears cases related to issues like rent arrears, eviction, repairs, or deposits, following the Residential Tenancies Act, 2018.

What to Expect on the Day of Your Hearing

LTB (Landlord and Tenant Board) hearings in Newfoundland and Labrador typically take place by telephone conference or, occasionally, in person at an RTB regional office. Here’s what tenants can generally expect:

• Notification and participation instructions sent by email or mail
• A hearing officer (adjudicator) leads the session
• Both landlord and tenant can present evidence and arguments
• A decision is typically given in writing after the hearing

Arrive prepared with all documentation, including notices, receipts, the signed rental agreement, and communication records relevant to your case. Organization is key for a smooth process and to ensure your voice is clearly heard.

Required Forms and How to Use Them

Most tenants will be involved in a hearing after either submitting or receiving one of these standard forms:

• Application for Dispute Resolution (RTB-2): Filed to request the RTB schedule a hearing over issues like unpaid rent, return of a security deposit, or maintenance disputes.
  Example: If your landlord won’t return your deposit when you move out, submit this form. Find it here on the government site.
• Notice of Termination: Used by landlords or tenants to formally end a tenancy for legal reasons. Bring a copy if your hearing concerns eviction or ending the rental.
• Decision/Order of the Director: You’ll receive this in writing after the hearing; bring any related correspondence or orders to the hearing if it’s a follow-up matter.

Before the Hearing: Key Preparation Steps

Thorough preparation helps you effectively present your side:

• Gather Evidence: Collect photos, emails, letters, receipts, and your rental agreement. If the dispute involves deposits, review Understanding Rental Deposits: What Tenants Need to Know before you go.
• Confirm Participation: Read the hearing notice and follow instructions to join by phone or appear in person. If you need special accommodations, contact the RTB in advance.
• Practice Your Statement: Write a summary of your side and keep it concise and factual.

Knowing what needs to be ready in advance helps avoid surprises and ensures your rights are respected on the hearing day.

The Hearing Process: Step by Step

• When the hearing starts, the adjudicator will introduce everyone, explain the rules, and outline the issues being decided.
• Both parties will have a chance to speak. Listen carefully, take notes, and wait until the adjudicator invites your response.
• Present your evidence clearly—refer to your documents and, if needed, call witnesses (if arranged in advance).
• At the end, the adjudicator may ask clarifying questions. Decisions are usually sent by mail or email a few days later.

This approach ensures a fair opportunity for both sides. The RTB process is designed to be accessible to tenants without a lawyer, though you can bring a representative if you wish.

Common Issues Addressed at Hearings

• Eviction for non-payment of rent
• Disagreements over deposit return
• Maintenance or repair concerns
• Claims for damages

For more on repairs or maintenance disputes, see Emergency Situations and Repairs: Tenant Rights and Responsibilities.

For an overview of tenant obligations and your rights, you can also read Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Newfoundland and Labrador.

Tip: Always read your written decision carefully. If you disagree, ask the RTB about available appeal or review procedures right away.

Action Steps for Tenants

• Review your hearing notice thoroughly, including how to participate.
• Prepare and organize your evidence and supporting documents.
• Submit required forms or responses before any deadlines.
• Attend or call in on time; keep a record of what happens during your hearing.

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FAQ: Hearings and Tenant Rights

1. What happens if I cannot attend the scheduled hearing?
   If you can’t attend, contact the RTB as soon as possible to request an adjournment; missing your hearing can lead to a decision without your input.
2. Can I bring someone to speak for me?
   Yes, you can be represented by a friend, family member, or legal advocate. Let the RTB know in advance if someone will represent you.
3. Do I need a lawyer for my LTB hearing?
   No, most tenants represent themselves, but you may have an advocate or seek legal advice if you wish.
4. How do I get a copy of the decision?
   The RTB will mail or email you the written decision after the hearing.
5. What if I disagree with the hearing’s outcome?
   You may have options to request a review or appeal—contact the RTB promptly to learn about your next steps.

Need Help? Resources for Tenants

• Residential Tenancies Board (RTB) – Government of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Official RTB Forms and Applications
• Public Legal Information Association of NL – Tenant Education & Support
• For a summary of your rights and responsibilities, visit Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Newfoundland and Labrador.

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1. Residential Tenancies Act, 2018 (NL)
2. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Residential Tenancies Board

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