Legal Grounds for Eviction in Newfoundland and Labrador

If you rent a home in Newfoundland and Labrador, it's important to understand when and why a landlord can legally evict a tenant. This guide breaks down official grounds for eviction under provincial law, lists your rights, and explains what steps you can take to respond to an eviction notice.

Who Oversees Residential Evictions in Newfoundland and Labrador?

The Residential Tenancies Section of Service NL is the government body that handles rental issues, including evictions, in this province.

Main Legal Reasons for Eviction

According to the Residential Tenancies Act, 2018^[1], a landlord can only evict a tenant for valid legal reasons. Here are the most common grounds:

• Non-payment of rent
• Persistent late payment of rent
• Substantial damage to the property
• Interfering with the reasonable enjoyment of others (e.g., loud parties, harassment)
• Using the property for illegal acts
• Breach of significant terms of the rental agreement
• Landlord or family member needs the unit for their own use
• Major renovations or demolition

Some eviction reasons require more notice than others. The law outlines specific timelines and procedures for each type.

Non-Payment of Rent

If you miss a rent payment, the landlord must give you an official written notice. Usually, you have 10 days to pay the overdue rent before the landlord can apply to end your tenancy^[1]. For details on rent obligations, see Tenant's Guide to Paying Rent: Rights, Responsibilities, and Tips.

Notice Requirements and Eviction Forms

Landlords must use specific forms for legal eviction notices. In Newfoundland and Labrador, these are called "Notice to Terminate" and vary based on the reason for eviction. Here are some common forms tenants may encounter:

• Notice to Terminate – For Non-payment of Rent (Form RTD [official])
  Download the form from Service NL
  Example: If you missed your rent and have not paid within 10 days of the due date, your landlord may serve you this form to start the eviction process.
• Notice to Terminate – For Cause (e.g., damage, interference, illegal acts)
  Official form from Service NL
  Example: If you caused serious damage or illegal activity is suspected, the landlord could issue this form. The notice period may be as little as 5 days for severe issues.
• Application for Dispute Resolution (Form 6)
  Access Form 6 from Service NL
  Example: If you want to challenge an eviction notice, file this form with the Residential Tenancies Section within the notice period.

Make sure you keep copies of all communications and respond by the deadlines listed on these forms.

Your Rights as a Tenant During Eviction

Tenants have a legal right to receive proper written notice using the correct form and are entitled to a fair hearing if they disagree with the eviction. The Residential Tenancies Section will schedule a hearing if there is a dispute, giving both sides a chance to present their evidence.

For a complete overview of tenant and landlord responsibilities beyond eviction, see Obligations of Landlords and Tenants: Rights and Responsibilities Explained.

Special Rules: Unsafe Living Conditions or Repairs

Landlords cannot usually evict tenants to avoid making repairs or addressing health and safety issues. If your unit has hazards or maintenance problems, learn about your rights in Health and Safety Issues Every Tenant Should Know When Renting.

How to Respond to an Eviction Notice

If you believe the eviction isn't legal, you can file a dispute with the Residential Tenancies Section using Form 6. Provide supporting evidence (e.g., proof of rent payment, photos, communication records).

• Act as soon as you receive notice. Deadlines are strict.
• Contact a tenant support organization if you need help.
• Continue to pay rent to maintain your legal standing.

You can Find rental homes across Canada on Houseme if you need to look for a new place quickly.

To compare tenant rights in different provinces, see Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Newfoundland and Labrador.

FAQs About Evictions in Newfoundland and Labrador

1. Do I always get a written notice before eviction? Yes, landlords must give you an official written notice using the correct government form. The amount of notice depends on the eviction reason, but written notice is mandatory in almost all cases.
2. Can I be evicted immediately for non-payment of rent? No. Even if you miss a payment, you must be given 10 days to pay the overdue rent before your landlord can apply to evict you.
3. What should I do if I want to challenge an eviction? File a dispute with the Residential Tenancies Section as soon as possible using Form 6. Include all documents that support your case.
4. Is eviction allowed because I complained about repairs? No. Landlords cannot evict tenants solely for requesting repairs or raising health and safety issues.
5. Who can I contact if I have more questions about eviction? Contact the Residential Tenancies Section of Service NL or a local tenant advocacy group for support.

Key Takeaways for Tenants

• Evictions must follow the Residential Tenancies Act, 2018.
• You have the right to receive official notice and contest it through the Residential Tenancies Section.
• Stay informed—take action quickly if you receive any eviction papers.

Need Help? Resources for Tenants

• Residential Tenancies Section, Service NL (official eviction support): 1-877-829-2608
• Newfoundland and Labrador Legal Aid Commission (limited legal advice and support)
• THRIVE Tenancy Support (help for tenants facing housing instability)

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1. Residential Tenancies Act, 2018 – official legislation, Newfoundland and Labrador
2. Service NL: Residential Tenancies – forms and information

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