Who Is Responsible for Bed-Bug Treatment in Alberta Rentals?

Maintenance & Repairs Alberta published June 25, 2025 Flag of Alberta

Dealing with bed bugs in a rental unit can be stressful for tenants in Alberta. It is important to understand who is responsible for bed-bug treatment, and what steps tenants should take if an infestation occurs. Clear, practical guidelines exist under Alberta law to help protect both tenants and landlords when bed bugs become a problem.

What Are Bed Bugs and Why Are They a Problem?

Bed bugs are tiny insects that hide in mattresses, furniture, and cracks in the wall. While they aren’t known to spread disease, their bites can cause itchy welts and significant stress. Alberta Health Services recognizes bed bugs as a public health issue that must be addressed promptly to avoid further spread within multi-unit buildings.

Who Is Responsible for Bed-Bug Treatment?

In most cases, landlords in Alberta are legally responsible for providing a safe and healthy rental home. This includes ensuring the unit is free from pest infestations, such as bed bugs, at the beginning of a tenancy. If bed bugs appear during your tenancy, responsibility for treatment is based on several factors:

  • Landlord responsibility: Landlords are usually responsible for eliminating pests, including bed bugs, if the infestation was not caused by the tenant's actions.
  • Tenant responsibility: If it can be shown that the tenant caused the infestation (for example, by knowingly bringing infested furniture into the unit), the tenant may bear some responsibility for costs.
  • Shared buildings: In apartments or shared housing, it can be difficult to prove exactly how an infestation started. Landlords must act quickly to arrange professional pest control for affected and neighbouring units when necessary.

This responsibility comes from Alberta’s Residential Tenancies Act, which requires the landlord to keep the premises habitable and comply with health standards.[1]

What Should Tenants Do If They Suspect Bed Bugs?

If you suspect a bed-bug problem:

  • Notify your landlord or property manager in writing immediately. Be specific about what you found and where.
  • Take clear photographs of bed-bug signs (bugs, eggs, dark spots).
  • Avoid moving infested items to other areas to prevent spread.
  • Follow instructions from your landlord or pest control company carefully.

For more guidance on tenant obligations and how to communicate about repairs, see Obligations of Landlords and Tenants: Rights and Responsibilities Explained.

Official Forms and How to Use Them

While there is no specific form just for bed bugs, tenants may need to use the following if issues aren’t resolved:

  • Service Request / Maintenance Request (informal): Most landlords accept a written or emailed request describing the pest problem.
  • Application for Remedies (Form RTB-1): If a landlord fails to address a serious infestation, tenants can apply to the Residential Tenancy Dispute Resolution Service (RTDRS) using RTDRS Application Form. For example, if your repeated bed-bug complaints are ignored, you may use this form to seek an order for repairs or a rent reduction.

Always keep copies of all communications, photos, and receipts related to the infestation and any cleaning.

Legal Rights and Protections for Alberta Tenants

The Residential Tenancies Act (Alberta) sets out that landlords must maintain rental units in a condition that meets health and safety standards. Alberta Health Services also enforces minimum housing and health standards. If you have serious trouble with landlord cooperation, you may file a complaint with Alberta Health Services Environmental Public Health.

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Health & Safety Considerations

Bed bugs don’t necessarily indicate dirty living conditions—they can occur anywhere and may quickly spread. It’s important for tenants to cooperate fully with extermination efforts by preparing their unit as directed, including washing bedding and clearing affected areas.

For comprehensive tips on creating a healthy rental environment and other pest concerns, visit Health and Safety Issues Every Tenant Should Know When Renting and Dealing with Pests in Your Rental: Tenant Rights and Effective Solutions.

Next Steps if the Issue Isn’t Resolved

If a landlord does not arrange for bed-bug treatment or there are unreasonable delays, tenants can:

  • Contact Alberta Health Services to request a housing inspection.
  • Apply to the RTDRS for an order that the landlord address the issue, or for a rent reduction until repairs are completed.
  • Keep paying rent while seeking repairs, unless advised otherwise by the tribunal or a legal expert.

Many tenants succeed by communicating clearly and documenting every step of the process.

Tips for Preventing and Handling Bed Bugs

  • Inspect used furniture and mattresses before bringing them home.
  • Reduce clutter to minimize hiding places for pests.
  • Use mattress protectors and regularly wash bedding in hot water.
  • Report any signs of pests early to minimize treatment efforts.
Tenants who cooperate fully with pest control instructions protect not only their own home but also help prevent infestations across the building. Early action is key!

For more about overall responsibilities, see Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Alberta.

To find a new, pest-free rental unit, Browse apartments for rent in Canada with easy map tools and secure listings.

Frequently Asked Questions

  1. Who pays for bed-bug extermination in Alberta rental units? In most cases, landlords are responsible for bed-bug treatment unless they can prove the tenant caused the infestation.
  2. Can a tenant break the lease because of bed bugs? Tenants may apply to the RTDRS to end their lease if living conditions are unsafe or unhealthy, but must follow the process and seek an official order first.
  3. What should I do if my landlord refuses to treat bed bugs? Document all requests, contact Alberta Health Services, and consider applying to the RTDRS for a remedy.
  4. Do I have to prepare my unit for pest control visits? Yes, tenants are expected to cooperate fully, which may include laundry, decluttering, and moving furniture as advised.
  5. Are bed bugs covered by health and safety laws in Alberta rentals? Yes, both the Residential Tenancies Act and public health standards require rental units to be safe and habitable, including being free from serious pest problems.

Key Takeaways for Alberta Tenants

  • Landlords are usually responsible for bed-bug treatment, but tenants must report and cooperate promptly.
  • Document all communication and report persistent issues to Alberta Health Services or apply to RTDRS as needed.
  • Bed bugs are a health and safety issue—fast action protects you and your neighbours.

Need Help? Resources for Tenants


  1. Residential Tenancies Act (Alberta): official legislation link
  2. Residential Tenancy Dispute Resolution Service (RTDRS): provincial tribunal for tenancy disputes in Alberta
  3. Minimum Housing and Health Standards (Alberta Health Services): official standards link
Bob Jones
Bob Jones

Editor & Researcher, Tenant Rights Canada

Bob writes and reviews tenant law content for various regions. They’re passionate about housing justice and simplifying legal protections for tenants everywhere.