Understanding the difference between rent deposits and security deposits is crucial for tenants in Alberta. The law here is very clear about what landlords can and cannot ask for, and knowing your rights can save you from disputes or unexpected costs.

Deposits in Alberta: The Basics

In Alberta, under the Residential Tenancies Act, landlords are allowed to collect a security deposit, sometimes also called a damage deposit, but not a 'last month's rent' deposit or any payment that is specifically designated as rent before it is due.

Here's what this means for tenants:

• Security Deposit: This is an amount held by the landlord to cover damage beyond normal wear and tear, unpaid rent, or cleaning costs at the end of the tenancy.
• Rent Deposit: Alberta law does not allow landlords to collect a rent deposit or require advance rent for the last month of tenancy.

How Much Can Be Charged?

Landlords can only ask for a security deposit up to the equivalent of one month's rent. They cannot require additional funds labeled as rent deposits.

How Security Deposits Must Be Handled

• Must be placed in a trust account in Alberta within two banking days of receipt.
• Landlord must pay annual interest on the deposit to the tenant, at the rate set out by Alberta law, or a higher agreed-upon rate.
• The deposit (minus permitted deductions) must be returned within 10 days after the tenancy ends and the tenant provides a forwarding address.

Failure to comply with these rules can result in fines or orders for repayment. For more details, you may want to read Understanding Rental Deposits: What Tenants Need to Know.

What Landlords Cannot Do

• Request a 'last month's rent' deposit (illegal in Alberta).
• Ask for more than one month’s rent as a security deposit.
• Take deductions from the deposit for ordinary wear and tear.

If you experience any of these, you should raise the issue with your landlord or seek assistance from the Residential Tenancy Dispute Resolution Service (RTDRS), which handles rental disputes in Alberta.

Forms Tenants Need to Know

• Condition Inspection Report (Move-In/Move-Out Condition Report): While not strictly required by law, Alberta strongly recommends both tenant and landlord complete this form together at the beginning and end of a tenancy. This helps avoid disputes over the security deposit.
  When used: At move-in and move-out to document the condition of the rental.
  Official Condition Inspection Report (PDF)
• Return of Security Deposit Statement: Landlords must provide a written statement of any deductions when returning a deposit.
  Where to get help: If not provided, a tenant can apply to the RTDRS.
• RTDRS Application Form (RTDRS 001): Use this to dispute improper withholding of a deposit.
  RTDRS Application Forms

Always keep copies of all forms, reports, and receipts in case a dispute arises. For practical tips on inspections, see Guide to the Initial Rental Property Inspection for Tenants.

How Deposits Are Returned — and What Can Be Deducted

Landlords can deduct from your deposit only for:

• Unpaid rent (not future rent!)
• Damage beyond normal wear and tear
• Cleaning costs (if the unit was not left reasonably clean)

Action Steps for Tenants

• Pay security deposits only (not rent deposits)
• Always get a receipt and document the payment
• Insist on a move-in inspection with the landlord
• Provide a forwarding address at the end of your lease
• If needed, apply to the RTDRS for deposit disputes

For more information about common landlord and tenant responsibilities, see Obligations of Landlords and Tenants: Rights and Responsibilities Explained.

Find Alberta Rental Listings with Ease

Looking for a new rental home? Find rental homes across Canada on Houseme to explore secure listings and learn more about deposit practices in different provinces.

FAQ: Rent and Security Deposits in Alberta

1. Is a landlord allowed to collect a last month's rent deposit in Alberta?
   No. Alberta landlords can only collect a security deposit, not any amount specifically designated as 'last month's rent.'
2. How much can a landlord charge for a security deposit?
   The maximum allowed is one month's rent, no more, no less.
3. What happens if my landlord won’t return my deposit?
   You can apply to the RTDRS using their application forms to have your case heard quickly and affordably.
4. Can my landlord keep my security deposit for wear and tear?
   No, only for damage beyond normal wear and tear, cleaning, or unpaid rent.
5. Do I get interest on my security deposit in Alberta?
   Yes. Landlords must pay yearly interest at the rate set by law or as agreed with the tenant.

Summary: Key Takeaways on Deposits in Alberta

• Only security (damage) deposits are allowed, not rent deposits.
• The deposit cannot exceed one month's rent and must be placed in a trust account.
• Use official forms and document everything to protect your interests as a tenant.

Need Help? Resources for Tenants

• Residential Tenancy Dispute Resolution Service (RTDRS) – Alberta
• Service Alberta Tenant Support
• For an overview of rights and responsibilities, visit Tenant Rights and Landlord Rights in Alberta.
• Local tenant advocacy groups and legal clinics can provide free advice for security deposit issues.

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1. Residential Tenancies Act (Alberta)
2. Residential Tenancy Dispute Resolution Service (RTDRS)
3. Official Government Forms

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